José Alberto “Pepe” Mujica, former president of Uruguay and a former guerrilla leader, passed away on May 13, 2025, at the age of 89. Mujica had been battling esophageal cancer, which was diagnosed in April 2024 and had spread to his liver by early 2025. He chose to forgo further treatment in his final months and received palliative care at his home in Montevideo .The Guardian+2Wikipedia+2Diario AS+2
A Revolutionary Turned President
Born on May 20, 1935, in Montevideo, Mujica was a founding member of the Tupamaros, a Marxist urban guerrilla group active in the 1960s and early 1970s. He was arrested multiple times and spent nearly 15 years in prison, including two years in solitary confinement, during Uruguay’s military dictatorship. After the return to democracy in 1985, Mujica transitioned into politics, becoming a key figure in the left-wing Broad Front coalition .Diario AS+3Reuters+3Encyclopedia Britannica+3Encyclopedia Britannica+2Wikipedia+2The Guardian+2
Presidency and Progressive Reforms
Mujica served as Uruguay’s 40th president from 2010 to 2015. His administration was marked by progressive reforms, including the legalization of same-sex marriage, abortion, and recreational marijuana. He also implemented social policies aimed at reducing poverty and promoting equality .Wikipedia+1The Guardian+1Encyclopedia Britannica+3Reuters+3Diario AS+3
A Humble Leader
Known for his austere lifestyle, Mujica famously declined the presidential palace, choosing instead to live on a modest flower farm. He donated approximately 90% of his monthly salary to charity, earning international admiration for his commitment to simplicity and social justice .ReutersWikipedia
Global Tributes
Mujica’s death has prompted tributes from leaders around the world. Uruguayan President Yamandú Orsi expressed deep sorrow, describing Mujica as a symbol of integrity and dedication to the people. Other Latin American leaders, including Bolivia’s Luis Arce and Colombia’s Gustavo Petro, praised his contributions to regional unity and social justice .Reuters+3ElHuffPost+3Diario AS+3
Legacy
José Mujica’s life journey—from guerrilla fighter to president—embodies a commitment to justice, humility, and progressive values. His legacy continues to inspire those advocating for social change and equality.
