The Fehmarnbelt Tunnel, currently under construction beneath the Baltic Sea, is set to become the world’s longest immersed road and rail tunnel, linking Denmark and Germany. Spanning 18 kilometers (11 miles), this ambitious infrastructure project aims to significantly reduce travel times and bolster economic ties between Scandinavia and Central Europe.
Project Overview
The tunnel will connect Rødbyhavn on the Danish island of Lolland with Puttgarden on the German island of Fehmarn. Designed to accommodate both vehicular and rail traffic, it will feature a four-lane motorway and a double-track electrified railway. Once operational, the tunnel will replace the current 45-minute ferry crossing with a 10-minute drive or a 7-minute train journey.
Engineering Feats
Constructed using the immersed tunnel technique, the project involves assembling 89 massive precast concrete segments, each weighing approximately 73,500 tonnes and measuring 217 meters in length. These segments are being fabricated in a purpose-built facility in Rødbyhavn before being submerged and joined on the seabed . This method minimizes environmental disruption and showcases innovative engineering practices.
Economic and Environmental Impact
With an estimated cost of €7 billion, funded through a combination of state-backed loans and European Union contributions, the Fehmarnbelt Tunnel is poised to enhance regional connectivity and economic integration . The project is expected to reduce carbon emissions by shortening travel distances and encouraging a shift from air and road transport to rail.
Timeline and Future Prospects
Construction commenced in 2021, with the tunnel’s opening projected for 2029. Upon completion, it will serve as a vital link in the Trans-European Transport Network, facilitating efficient movement of people and goods across the continent.
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